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Sunday, August 10, 2014

The Temple of Medinat Habu, Egypt

The Temple of Medinat Habu is one of the largest commemorative temples in Egypt. It measures 320 meters in length (east-west) and 200 meters wide (north to south). It was built to commemorate Ramses III, after his death, by order of the king himself. A huge wall of mud brick that surrounds the temple.

This building consists primarily of a huge gate, which takes the form of a Syrian fortress, and is decorated with battle scenes of the wars of the king of Syria. After opening the door there is a shrine dating from the 18th dynasty, on the right side. There is also a completely open field that leads to a huge pool, which has two towers decorated with battle scenes. In a tower of the king, wearing the red crown with his "Ka" or "double", hitting his enemies before Re-Horakhty. On the other tower, the king is shown wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt, striking their enemies before the God Amon Ra.

One of the most wonderful scenes recorded on the back of the south tower, is hunting oxen, of Ramesses III at the wheel of his car, the buffalo hunt. Here, you will notice that the sculptor was very good to show the pain of injured animals.

The first open judicial measures 42m long by 33m wide. Its walls are decorated with scenes of battles against the Syrians and the Libyans.

The second yard (42m long and 38m wide) became a basilica in the early days of Christianity, but there are scenes of religious ceremonies, especially the parties Sokker Gods (also spelled Sokar) and Min. Other scenes depict the king with priests making offerings to deities.

The first hypostyle is severely damaged, probably by an earthquake in 27 BC It contained 24 columns of 6 lines, surrounded by 16 chapels 8 right and 8 left. Among the most important shrines on the right side are the first dedicated to Ramses III, Chapel No. 2, which was dedicated to the god Ptah, the number four chapel, which was dedicated by the vessel of God Sokker and 7 chapel dedicated to the sacred boat of Amun Ra.

The chapels on the left side is dedicated to keep the tools of the Temples chapel except number 14, which was dedicated to the sacred boat of King Ramses II, and Number15 chapel, which was dedicated to the divine God Montho boat.

The second pillared hall contains 8 papyrus columns in 2 rows. The third hypostyle is similar to the second pillared hall and its roof was supported by eight columns in two lines.

At the end of the pillared hall, there are three entries, which is in the center leads to the shrine where the sacred boat of Amun Ra, the right leads to the chapel of Khonso God placed while the left side leads to sanctuary the goddess Mut.
The sanctuary at the end of Temple has 3 chapels as mentioned above; was devoted to the "Triad of Thebes", and was surrounded by numerous side chambers.

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